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c. 1410-1420

The Martyrdom of Saint Apollonia of Alexandria

Artist/maker unknown

Unwilling to renounce her faith in Christianity, Apollonia was tortured to death in 249 in Alexandria, Egypt. The torture was particularly dreadful, for she had her teeth pulled with no attempt to relieve pain and suffering. Consequently, she became the patron saint of dentists as well as the saint to whom one prays for relief from toothache.

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Artist/maker unknown, The Martyrdom of Saint Apollonia of Alexandria, c. 1410-1420 | Philadelphia Art Museum